ORA-12162: TNS:net service name is incorrectly specified (单实例与RAC下处理方式基本一致)

RAC环境下，本机两个节点登陆均包如下错误：
（1）sysdb登陆
[oracle@db1 ~]$ sqlplus /  as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue Sep 24 09:00:13 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

ERROR:
ORA-12162: TNS:net service name is incorrectly specified





[oracle@db2 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue Sep 24 09:04:49 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

ERROR:
ORA-12162: TNS:net service name is incorrectly specified



（2）system用户登陆
[oracle@db1 ~]$ sqlplus  system/system

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue Sep 24 09:05:49 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

ERROR:
ORA-12162: TNS:net service name is incorrectly specified




[oracle@db2~]$ sqlplus  sys/system

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue Sep 24 09:06:49 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

ERROR:
ORA-12162: TNS:net service name is incorrectly specified




(3)数据库服务名方式连接

oracle@db1 ~]$ sqlplus  sys@db   as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue Sep 24 09:07:49 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Enter password:

Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select  instance_name from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME
----------------
db1



oracle@db2 ~]$ sqlplus  sys@db  as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue Sep 24 09:09:49 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Enter password:

Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select  instance_name from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME
----------------
db2









查看错误通用表述信息
[oracle@db1 ~]$ oerr ora 12162
12162, 00000, "TNS:net service name is incorrectly specified"
// *Cause:  The connect descriptor corresponding to the net service name in
// TNSNAMES.ORA or in the directory server (Oracle Internet Directory) is
// incorrectly specified.
// *Action: If using local naming make sure there are no syntax errors in
// the corresponding connect descriptor in the TNSNAMES.ORA file. If using
// directory naming check the information provided through the administration
// used for directory naming.
[oracle@db1 ~]$








故障处理
故障原因：两个节点均未设置  ORACLE_SID未设置

进入oracle系统用户下,两个节点下分别设置
vi  .bash_profile  加入ORACLE_SID=db1  ; export  ORACLE_SID
vi  .bash_profile  加入ORACLE_SID=db2  ; export  ORACLE_SID

发现登陆正常：

[oracle@db1 ~]$ sqlplus / as  sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue Sep 24 09:22:20 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL>




oracle@db1 ~]$ sqlplus / as  sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue Sep 24 09:22:20 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL>